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Chapter 9: Industrial Transformation in the North, 1800–1850

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Chapter 9: Industrial Transformation in the North, 1800–1850

7 problems · 0 figures

9-1 §9.1 source ↗

How were the New England textile mills planned and built?
  1. a.
    Experienced British builders traveled to the United States to advise American merchants.
  2. b.
    New England merchants paid French and German mechanics to design factories for them.
  3. c.
    New England merchants and British migrants memorized plans from British mills.
  4. d.
    Textile mills were a purely American creation, invented by Francis Cabot Lowell in 1813.

Answer

C. New England merchants and British migrants memorized plans from British mills.

9-3 §9.1 source ↗

What effect did industrialization have on consumers?

Answer

Industrialization made manufactured goods more abundant and more widely available. All but the poorest Americans were able to equip their homes with cookstoves, parlor stoves, upholstered furniture, and decorations such as wallpaper and window curtains. Even such formerly expensive goods as clocks were now affordable for most.

9-5 §9.2 source ↗

Which of the following was not a cause of the Panic of 1819?
  1. a.
    The Second Bank of the United States made risky loans.
  2. b.
    States chartered too many banks.
  3. c.
    Prices for American commodities dropped.
  4. d.
    Banks hoarded gold and silver.

Answer

D. Banks hoarded gold and silver.

9-7 §9.2 source ↗

What did federal and state governments do to help people who were hurt in the Panic of 1819?

Answer

The federal government passed laws allowing people to sell back land they could not pay for and use the money to pay their debt. States made it more difficult to foreclose on mortgages and tried to make it easier for people to declare bankruptcy.

9-9 §9.3 source ↗

What was the significance of the Cumberland Road?
  1. a.
    It gave settlers a quicker way to move west.
  2. b.
    It reduced the time it took to move goods from New York Harbor to Lake Erie.
  3. c.
    It improved trade from the Port of New Orleans.
  4. d.
    It was the first paved road.

Answer

A. It gave settlers a quicker way to move west.

9-11 §9.4 source ↗

Which of the following groups supported the abolition of slavery?
  1. a.
    northern business elites
  2. b.
    southern planter elites
  3. c.
    wage workers
  4. d.
    middle-class northerners

Answer

D. middle-class northerners

9-13 §9.4 source ↗

What did Peter Cooper envision for the United States, and how did he work to bring his vision to life?

Answer

A successful northern manufacturer and inventor, Cooper valued hard work, thrift, and simplicity. He lived according to these values, choosing utilitarian, self-made furnishings rather than luxurious goods. Cooper’s vision of hard work leading to respectability led him to found the Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art; admission to this college, which was dedicated to the pursuit of technology, was based solely on merit.

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Problems and answers are adapted from U.S. History by P. Scott Corbett, Volker Janssen, John M. Lund, Todd Pfannestiel, Sylvie Waskiewicz and Paul Vickery, OpenStax, and are used under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 licence. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/us-history/pages/1-introduction. Illustrations: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. This adaptation is released under the same licence, is non-commercial, and is neither affiliated with nor endorsed by OpenStax or Rice University.