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Chapter 18: Planning Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Interventions

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Chapter 18: Planning Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Interventions

10 problems · 0 figures

18-1 §18.RQ source ↗

Which intervention would the nurse include in a plan of care for a client in the preparation stage of the transtheoretical model?
  1. a.
    Provide education on the benefits of weight loss
  2. b.
    Assist in development of realistic goals for weight loss
  3. c.
    Assist in identification of triggers for return to a sedentary lifestyle
  4. d.
    Provide positive reinforcement after starting an exercise program

Answer

B. Assist in development of realistic goals for weight loss
The client in the preparation stage is planning for behavior change in the next 30 days. Setting realistic goals is appropriate at this stage.

18-2 §18.RQ source ↗

A nurse using the intervention mapping framework to plan a community health program has selected activities to meet program goals. What is the next step in the framework?
  1. a.
    Draft program messages and materials
  2. b.
    Conduct a community assessment
  3. c.
    Establish community partnerships
  4. d.
    Develop evaluation methods

Answer

A. Draft program messages and materials
The nurse selects activities in Step 3 of the Intervention Mapping framework. Step 4, develop program materials, includes writing program communication, messaging, and resources.

18-3 §18.RQ source ↗

Which question might the nurse answer to determine if the ethical standard of proportionality will be upheld during a community health program?
  1. a.
    Do the program benefits outweigh the potential risks?
  2. b.
    Do the program planners provide rationale for program choices?
  3. c.
    Does the program decrease health inequities identified in the community?
  4. d.
    Has the target population been involved in the program planning process?

Answer

C. Does the program decrease health inequities identified in the community?
Proportionality states the program or action is equitable and fair. It also refers to decreasing inequities that already exist so that health outcomes are more proportional.

18-4 §18.RQ source ↗

Which of the following is a physical resource that the nurse would identify during community asset mapping?
  1. a.
    Staff training and experience with program planning
  2. b.
    Educational resources in several languages
  3. c.
    A large conference room to hold meetings
  4. d.
    Advocacy for political change to advance health outcomes

Answer

C. A large conference room to hold meetings
A conference room is an example of a physical resource.

18-5 §18.RQ source ↗

Which of the following is an example of a program objective written using the SMART approach?
  1. a.
    Colon cancer screening will increase in the community.
  2. b.
    Reported alcohol use by county youth will decrease from five percent to four percent by December 31, 2025.
  3. c.
    By next year, more county residents will meet physical activity recommendations.
  4. d.
    County adult obesity rates will decrease from 60 percent to 30 percent within the next 2 months.

Answer

B. Reported alcohol use by county youth will decrease from five percent to four percent by December 31, 2025.
SMART goals are specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and time-bound. The program objective of “Reported alcohol use by county youth will decrease from five percent to four percent by December 31, 2025” meets all of these requirements.

18-6 §18.RQ source ↗

A nurse creating a coalition for healthy living completes which activity during step 3, develop partnership agreements, of the eight-step plan to engage potential partners and mobilize community partnerships?
  1. a.
    Identify potential partners
  2. b.
    Determine responsibilities of each partner
  3. c.
    Develop a shared purpose for the coalition
  4. d.
    Communicate evaluation results to partners

Answer

B. Determine responsibilities of each partner
Step 3, develop partnership agreements, includes determining the roles and responsibilities of all partners and creating a contract or agreement specifying each.

18-7 §18.RQ source ↗

Which statement is an example of a process objective a nurse would develop for a nutrition program?
  1. a.
    By December 2024, participants will state a positive view of the nutrition program.
  2. b.
    By June 2025, participants will increase daily fruit and vegetable intake.
  3. c.
    In 6 months, 60 percent of county residents will meet daily fiber requirements.
  4. d.
    By January 2025, six “eating healthy on a budget” classes will be offered.

Answer

D. By January 2025, six “eating healthy on a budget” classes will be offered.
Process objectives direct activities to be completed in a specific time frame and describes participants, interactions, and activities.

18-8 §18.RQ source ↗

Which process will the nurse involved in a research study utilize to protect participant autonomy and informed consent?
  1. a.
    Obtaining Institutional Review Board approval
  2. b.
    Following Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) guidelines
  3. c.
    Ensuring Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) protections
  4. d.
    Adhering to Affordable Care Act (ACA) regulations

Answer

A. Obtaining Institutional Review Board approval
The Institutional Review Board (IRB) ensures that participants in a research study have the choice to participate or withdraw from a study at any time and that they must give informed consent to participate.

18-9 §18.RQ source ↗

Which factor would the nurse assess to determine the social determinants of health in a community?
  1. a.
    Age of community members
  2. b.
    Physical activity
  3. c.
    Nutrition
  4. d.
    Level of education

Answer

D. Level of education
Determinants of health are factors that affect the health of individuals and communities. Social determinants of health include economic stability, education access and quality, health care access and quality, neighborhood and built environment, and social and community context.

18-10 §18.RQ source ↗

Which belief by an individual indicates to the nurse that the individual is ready for a health change?
  1. a.
    They believe they are susceptible to a health problem.
  2. b.
    They believe the health problem is not serious.
  3. c.
    They believe taking action will have no effect on the health problem.
  4. d.
    They lack confidence in their ability to make a change.

Answer

A. They believe they are susceptible to a health problem.
An individual is ready for a change in health behavior when they believe they are susceptible to the health problem, they believe the health problem has serious consequences, they believe taking action will reduce the risk of the health problem, they believe the benefits of change outweigh the costs, they are exposed to factors that prompt change, and they are confident in their ability to make a change.

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Problems and answers are adapted from Population Health for Nurses by Jessica Ochs, Sherry L. Roper and Susan M. Schwartz, OpenStax, and are used under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 licence. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/population-health/pages/1-introduction. Illustrations: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. This adaptation is released under the same licence, is non-commercial, and is neither affiliated with nor endorsed by OpenStax or Rice University.