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Chapter 35: Urinary and Bladder Disorder Drugs

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Chapter 35: Urinary and Bladder Disorder Drugs

10 problems · 0 figures

35-1 §35.RQ source ↗

A client is receiving trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole for a urinary tract infection. The nurse should monitor the client for which potential adverse effect?
  1. a.
    Photosensitivity
  2. b.
    Hypoglycemia
  3. c.
    Tinnitus
  4. d.
    Hypertension

Answer

A. Photosensitivity
A potential adverse effect of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole is photosensitivity (increased sensitivity to sunlight or artificial light).

35-2 §35.RQ source ↗

The health care provider prescribes phenazopyridine hydrochloride 200 mg orally three times daily for a client with urinary tract discomfort. The available tablets are 100 mg each. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose?
  1. a.
    1 tablet
  2. b.
    2 tablets
  3. c.
    3 tablets
  4. d.
    4 tablets

Answer

B. 2 tablets
200 mg ÷ 100 m g t a b l e t s = 2 t a b l e t s

35-3 §35.RQ source ↗

A 65-year-old male client presents to the urology clinic with lower urinary tract symptoms including frequency and hesitancy. After a thorough assessment, the client is diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and is prescribed tadalafil. The client is concerned about the effectiveness of tadalafil for BPH. What information should the nurse include in their response to address the client’s concerns?
  1. a.
    Tadalafil primarily treats BPH by reducing prostate size.
  2. b.
    Tadalafil is not effective for treating BPH and is primarily used for erectile dysfunction.
  3. c.
    Tadalafil can help improve BPH symptoms by relaxing the muscles in the prostate and bladder neck.
  4. d.
    Tadalafil is the first-line treatment for BPH and is recommended for all clients with this condition.

Answer

C. Tadalafil can help improve BPH symptoms by relaxing the muscles in the prostate and bladder neck.
Tadalafil works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the prostate and bladder, which can help improve urine flow and reduce the urinary symptoms caused by prostate enlargement.

35-4 §35.RQ source ↗

A nurse is caring for a client with an overactive bladder who is prescribed oxybutynin. Which adverse effect will the nurse include when educating the client about this medication?
  1. a.
    Diarrhea
  2. b.
    Urinary urgency
  3. c.
    Dry mouth
  4. d.
    Restlessness

Answer

C. Dry mouth
Oxybutynin is an anticholinergic, and a common adverse effect is dry mouth (xerostomia) due to the inhibition of salivary gland secretions.

35-5 §35.RQ source ↗

A nurse is caring for a client with urinary tract discomfort. The health care provider prescribes phenazopyridine hydrochloride. The nurse instructs the client that this drug is classified as an:
  1. a.
    Antispasmodic drug
  2. b.
    Analgesic drug
  3. c.
    Anti-infective drug
  4. d.
    Anticholinergic drug

Answer

B. Analgesic drug
Phenazopyridine hydrochloride is a urinary analgesic that provides relief from the pain, burning, and discomfort associated with UTIs.

35-6 §35.RQ source ↗

The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for tadalafil. The nurse will caution the client about which of the following side effects?
  1. a.
    Angioedema
  2. b.
    Urinary urgency
  3. c.
    Hemolytic anemia
  4. d.
    Vasomotor response

Answer

D. Vasomotor response
The vasomotor response of systemic vasodilation can occur if the client changes position rapidly, resulting in vertigo and syncope.

35-7 §35.RQ source ↗

Which statement accurately describes the pharmacologic action of mirabegron?
  1. a.
    Stimulates the alpha-adrenergic receptors
  2. b.
    Inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity
  3. c.
    Relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder
  4. d.
    Blocks angiotensin II receptors

Answer

C. Relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder
The pharmacologic action of mirabegron involves the selective activation of beta-3 adrenergic receptors in the bladder, leading to relaxation of the detrusor smooth muscle. This relaxation increases bladder capacity and decreases the urgency and frequency of urination.

35-8 §35.RQ source ↗

Which of the following is the potential effect of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole on potassium levels in a client?
  1. a.
    Hyperkalemia
  2. b.
    Hypokalemia
  3. c.
    No effect on potassium levels
  4. d.
    Variable effect on potassium levels

Answer

A. Hyperkalemia
Trimethoprim induces a progressive but reversible increase of serum potassium concentrations in a substantial number of clients.

35-9 §35.RQ source ↗

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has been prescribed, concomitantly with fosfomycin, phenazopyridine hydrochloride for symptomatic relief of urinary pain and discomfort. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further education regarding the use of phenazopyridine hydrochloride?
  1. a.
    “I should expect my urine to turn orange or reddish in color.”
  2. b.
    “I will take this medication with meals to minimize stomach upset.”
  3. c.
    “I understand that this medication may stain my contact lenses.”
  4. d.
    “I will continue taking this medication until my symptoms completely resolve.”

Answer

D. “I will continue taking this medication until my symptoms completely resolve.”
Phenazopyridine hydrochloride is intended for short-term use to alleviate urinary pain and discomfort and should not be used longer than 2 days.

35-10 §35.RQ source ↗

A client with a history of narrow angle glaucoma has been prescribed solifenacin succinate for overactive bladder. The nurse should take which action regarding the medication?
  1. a.
    Administer the medication as prescribed and monitor the client’s intraocular pressure closely
  2. b.
    Administer a reduced dosage of the medication to prevent glaucoma exacerbation
  3. c.
    Do not administer the medication, and notify the health care provider
  4. d.
    Explain to the client that this medication is contraindicated in glaucoma

Answer

C. Do not administer the medication, and notify the health care provider
Solifenacin succinate is contraindicated in clients with narrow angle glaucoma.

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Problems and answers are adapted from Pharmacology for Nurses by Tina Barbour-Taylor, Leah Mueller (Sabato), Donna Paris and Dorie Weaver, OpenStax, and are used under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 licence. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/pharmacology/pages/1-introduction. Illustrations: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. This adaptation is released under the same licence, is non-commercial, and is neither affiliated with nor endorsed by OpenStax or Rice University.