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Chapter 22: Respiratory System Infections

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Chapter 22: Respiratory System Infections

40 problems · 0 figures

22-1 §22.MC source ↗

Which of the following is not directly connected to the nasopharynx?
  1. a.
    middle ear
  2. b.
    oropharynx
  3. c.
    lacrimal glands
  4. d.
    nasal cavity

Answer

C. lacrimal glands

22-2 §22.MC source ↗

What type of cells produce the mucus for the mucous membranes?
  1. a.
    goblet cells
  2. b.
    macrophages
  3. c.
    phagocytes
  4. d.
    ciliated epithelial cells

Answer

A. goblet cells

22-3 §22.MC source ↗

Which of these correctly orders the structures through which air passes during inhalation?
  1. a.
    pharynx → trachea → larynx → bronchi
  2. b.
    pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi
  3. c.
    larynx → pharynx → bronchi → trachea
  4. d.
    larynx → pharynx → trachea → bronchi

Answer

B. pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi

22-4 §22.MC source ↗

The ___________ separates the upper and lower respiratory tract.
  1. a.
    bronchi
  2. b.
    larynx
  3. c.
    epiglottis
  4. d.
    palatine tonsil

Answer

C. epiglottis

22-5 §22.MC source ↗

Which microbial virulence factor is most important for attachment to host respiratory tissues?
  1. a.
    adhesins
  2. b.
    lipopolysaccharide
  3. c.
    hyaluronidase
  4. d.
    capsules

Answer

A. adhesins

22-6 §22.MC source ↗

Which of the following does not involve a bacterial exotoxin?
  1. a.
    diphtheria
  2. b.
    whooping cough
  3. c.
    scarlet fever
  4. d.
    Q fever

Answer

D. Q fever

22-7 §22.MC source ↗

What disease is caused by Coxiella burnetii?
  1. a.
    Q fever
  2. b.
    tuberculosis
  3. c.
    diphtheria
  4. d.
    walking pneumonia

Answer

A. Q fever

22-8 §22.MC source ↗

In which stage of pertussis is the characteristic whooping sound made?
  1. a.
    convalescence
  2. b.
    catarrhal
  3. c.
    paroxysmal
  4. d.
    prodromal

Answer

C. paroxysmal

22-9 §22.MC source ↗

What is the causative agent of Q fever?
  1. a.
    Coxiella burnetii
  2. b.
    Chlamydia psittaci
  3. c.
    Mycoplasma pneumoniae
  4. d.
    Streptococcus pyogenes

Answer

A. Coxiella burnetii

22-10 §22.MC source ↗

Which of these microbes causes “walking pneumonia”?
  1. a.
    Klebsiella pneumoniae
  2. b.
    Streptococcus pneumoniae
  3. c.
    Mycoplasma pneumoniae
  4. d.
    Chlamydia pneumoniae

Answer

C. Mycoplasma pneumoniae

22-11 §22.MC source ↗

Which of the following viruses is not commonly associated with the common cold?
  1. a.
    coronavirus
  2. b.
    adenovirus
  3. c.
    rhinovirus
  4. d.
    varicella-zoster virus

Answer

D. varicella-zoster virus

22-12 §22.MC source ↗

Which of the following viral diseases has been eliminated from the general population worldwide?
  1. a.
    smallpox
  2. b.
    measles
  3. c.
    German measles
  4. d.
    influenza

Answer

A. smallpox

22-13 §22.MC source ↗

What term refers to multinucleated cells that form when many host cells fuse together during infections?
  1. a.
    Ghon elements
  2. b.
    Reye syndrome
  3. c.
    Koplik’s spots
  4. d.
    syncytia

Answer

D. syncytia

22-14 §22.MC source ↗

Which of the following diseases is not associated with coronavirus infections?
  1. a.
    Middle East respiratory syndrome
  2. b.
    German measles
  3. c.
    the common cold
  4. d.
    severe acute respiratory syndrome

Answer

B. German measles

22-15 §22.MC source ↗

Which of these viruses is responsible for causing shingles?
  1. a.
    rubella virus
  2. b.
    measles virus
  3. c.
    varicella-zoster virus
  4. d.
    variola major virus

Answer

C. varicella-zoster virus

22-16 §22.MC source ↗

Which of these infections is also referred to as Valley fever?
  1. a.
    histoplasmosis
  2. b.
    coccidioidomycosis
  3. c.
    blastomycosis
  4. d.
    aspergillosis

Answer

B. coccidioidomycosis

22-17 §22.MC source ↗

Which of the following is not caused by a dimorphic fungus?
  1. a.
    histoplasmosis
  2. b.
    coccidioidomycosis
  3. c.
    blastomycosis
  4. d.
    aspergillosis

Answer

D. aspergillosis

22-18 §22.MC source ↗

Which of the following is caused by infections by bread molds?
  1. a.
    mucormycosis
  2. b.
    coccidioidomycosis
  3. c.
    cryptococcosis
  4. d.
    Pneumocystis pneumonia

Answer

A. mucormycosis

22-19 §22.MC source ↗

In the United States, most histoplasmosis cases occur
  1. a.
    in the Pacific northwest.
  2. b.
    in the desert southwest.
  3. c.
    in the Mississippi river valley.
  4. d.
    in Colorado river valley.

Answer

C. in the Mississippi river valley.

22-20 §22.MC source ↗

Which of the following infections can be diagnosed using a skin test similar to the tuberculin test?
  1. a.
    histoplasmosis
  2. b.
    cryptococcosis
  3. c.
    blastomycosis
  4. d.
    aspergillosis

Answer

D. aspergillosis

22-21 §22.FITB source ↗

Unattached microbes are moved from the lungs to the epiglottis by the _______ effect.

Answer

mucociliary escalator

22-22 §22.FITB source ↗

Many bacterial pathogens produce _______ to evade phagocytosis.

Answer

capsules

22-23 §22.FITB source ↗

The main type of antibody in the mucous membrane defenses is _______.

Answer

IgA

22-24 §22.FITB source ↗

_______ results from an inflammation of the “voice box.”

Answer

Laryngitis

22-25 §22.FITB source ↗

_______ phagocytize potential pathogens in the lower lung.

Answer

Alveolar macrophages

22-26 §22.FITB source ↗

Calcified lesions called _______ form in the lungs of patients with TB.

Answer

Ghon complexes

22-27 §22.FITB source ↗

An inflammation of the middle ear is called _______.

Answer

otitis media

22-28 §22.FITB source ↗

The _______ is used to serologically identify Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates.

Answer

quellung reaction

22-29 §22.FITB source ↗

_______ is a zoonotic infection that can be contracted by people who handle birds.

Answer

Psittacosis

22-30 §22.FITB source ↗

The main virulence factor involved in scarlet fever is the _______.

Answer

erythrogenic toxin

22-31 §22.FITB source ↗

The _______ virus is responsible for causing German measles.

Answer

rubella

22-32 §22.FITB source ↗

A(n) _______ is an uncontrolled positive feedback loop between cytokines and leucocytes.

Answer

cytokine storm

22-33 §22.FITB source ↗

In cases of shingles, the antiviral drug _______ may be prescribed.

Answer

acyclovir

22-34 §22.FITB source ↗

The slow accumulation of genetic changes to an influenza virus over time is referred to as _______.

Answer

antigenic drift

22-35 §22.FITB source ↗

The _______ vaccine is effective in controlling both measles and rubella.

Answer

MMR

22-36 §22.FITB source ↗

In coccidioidomycosis, _______ containing many endospores form in the lungs.

Answer

spherules

22-37 §22.FITB source ↗

In cryptococcosis, the main fungal virulence factor is the _______, which helps the pathogen avoid phagocytosis.

Answer

capsule

22-38 §22.FITB source ↗

In some mycoses, fungal balls called _______ form in the lungs

Answer

aspergillomas

22-39 §22.FITB source ↗

Most US cases of coccidioidomycosis occur in _______.

Answer

the desert southwest

22-40 §22.FITB source ↗

Coccidioidomycosis may develop when Coccidioides immitis _______ are inhaled.

Answer

arthrospores

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Problems and answers are adapted from Microbiology by Nina Parker, Mark Schneegurt, Anh-Hue Thi Tu, Philip Lister and Brian M. Forster, OpenStax, and are used under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 licence. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/microbiology/pages/1-introduction. Illustrations: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. This adaptation is released under the same licence, is non-commercial, and is neither affiliated with nor endorsed by OpenStax or Rice University.