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Chapter 4: Prokaryotic Diversity

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Chapter 4: Prokaryotic Diversity

34 problems · 0 figures

4-1 §4.MC source ↗

The term prokaryotes refers to which of the following?
  1. a.
    very small organisms
  2. b.
    unicellular organisms that have no nucleus
  3. c.
    multicellular organisms
  4. d.
    cells that resemble animal cells more than plant cells

Answer

B. unicellular organisms that have no nucleus

4-2 §4.MC source ↗

The term microbiota refers to which of the following?
  1. a.
    all microorganisms of the same species
  2. b.
    all of the microorganisms involved in a symbiotic relationship
  3. c.
    all microorganisms in a certain region of the human body
  4. d.
    all microorganisms in a certain geographic region

Answer

C. all microorganisms in a certain region of the human body

4-3 §4.MC source ↗

Which of the following refers to the type of interaction between two prokaryotic populations in which one population benefits and the other is not affected?
  1. a.
    mutualism
  2. b.
    commensalism
  3. c.
    parasitism
  4. d.
    neutralism

Answer

B. commensalism

4-4 §4.MC source ↗

Which of the following describes Proteobacteria in domain Bacteria?
  1. a.
    phylum
  2. b.
    class
  3. c.
    species
  4. d.
    genus

Answer

A. phylum

4-5 §4.MC source ↗

Which of the following Alphaproteobacteria is the cause of Rocky Mountain spotted fever and typhus?
  1. a.
    Bartonella
  2. b.
    Coxiella
  3. c.
    Rickettsia
  4. d.
    Ehrlichia
  5. e.
    Brucella

Answer

C. Rickettsia

4-6 §4.MC source ↗

Class Betaproteobacteria includes all but which of the following genera?
  1. a.
    Neisseria.
  2. b.
    Bordetella.
  3. c.
    Leptothrix.
  4. d.
    Campylobacter.

Answer

D. Campylobacter.

4-7 §4.MC source ↗

Haemophilus influenzae is a common cause of which of the following?
  1. a.
    influenza
  2. b.
    dysentery
  3. c.
    upper respiratory tract infections
  4. d.
    hemophilia

Answer

C. upper respiratory tract infections

4-8 §4.MC source ↗

Which of the following is the organelle that spirochetes use to propel themselves?
  1. a.
    plasma membrane
  2. b.
    axial filament
  3. c.
    pilum
  4. d.
    fimbria

Answer

B. axial filament

4-9 §4.MC source ↗

Which of the following bacteria are the most prevalent in the human gut?
  1. a.
    cyanobacteria
  2. b.
    staphylococci
  3. c.
    Borrelia
  4. d.
    Bacteroides

Answer

D. Bacteroides

4-10 §4.MC source ↗

Which of the following refers to photosynthesis performed by bacteria with the use of water as the donor of electrons?
  1. a.
    oxygenic
  2. b.
    anoxygenic
  3. c.
    heterotrophic
  4. d.
    phototrophic

Answer

A. oxygenic

4-11 §4.MC source ↗

Which of the following bacterial species is classified as high G+C gram-positive?
  1. a.
    Corynebacterium diphtheriae
  2. b.
    Staphylococcus aureus
  3. c.
    Bacillus anthracis
  4. d.
    Streptococcus pneumonia

Answer

A. Corynebacterium diphtheriae

4-12 §4.MC source ↗

The term “deeply branching” refers to which of the following?
  1. a.
    the cellular shape of deeply branching bacteria
  2. b.
    the position in the evolutionary tree of deeply branching bacteria
  3. c.
    the ability of deeply branching bacteria to live in deep ocean waters
  4. d.
    the pattern of growth in culture of deeply branching bacteria

Answer

B. the position in the evolutionary tree of deeply branching bacteria

4-13 §4.MC source ↗

Which of these deeply branching bacteria is considered a polyextremophile?
  1. a.
    Aquifex pyrophilus
  2. b.
    Deinococcus radiodurans
  3. c.
    Staphylococcus aureus
  4. d.
    Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer

B. Deinococcus radiodurans

4-14 §4.MC source ↗

Archaea and Bacteria are most similar in terms of their ________.
  1. a.
    genetics
  2. b.
    cell wall structure
  3. c.
    ecology
  4. d.
    unicellular structure

Answer

D. unicellular structure

4-15 §4.MC source ↗

Which of the following is true of archaea that produce methane?
  1. a.
    They reduce carbon dioxide in the presence of nitrogen.
  2. b.
    They live in the most extreme environments.
  3. c.
    They are always anaerobes.
  4. d.
    They have been discovered on Mars.

Answer

B. They live in the most extreme environments.

4-17 §4.FITB source ↗

When prokaryotes live as interacting communities in which one population benefits to the harm of the other, the type of symbiosis is called ________.

Answer

parasitism

4-18 §4.FITB source ↗

The domain ________ does not include prokaryotes.

Answer

Eukarya

4-19 §4.FITB source ↗

Pathogenic bacteria that are part of the transient microbiota can sometimes be eliminated by ________ therapy.

Answer

antibiotic

4-20 §4.FITB source ↗

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria provide other organisms with usable nitrogen in the form of ________.

Answer

ammonia

4-21 §4.FITB source ↗

Rickettsias are ________ intracellular bacteria.

Answer

obligate

4-22 §4.FITB source ↗

The species ________, which belongs to Epsilonproteobacteria, causes peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum.

Answer

Helicobacter pylori

4-23 §4.FITB source ↗

The genus Salmonella belongs to the class ________ and includes pathogens that cause salmonellosis and typhoid fever.

Answer

Gammaproteobacteria

4-24 §4.FITB source ↗

The bacterium that causes syphilis is called ________.

Answer

Treponema pallidum pallidum

4-25 §4.FITB source ↗

Bacteria in the genus Rhodospirillum that use hydrogen for oxidation and fix nitrogen are ________ bacteria.

Answer

purple nonsulfur

4-26 §4.FITB source ↗

Streptococcus is the ________ of bacteria that is responsible for many human diseases.

Answer

genus

4-27 §4.FITB source ↗

One species of Streptococcus, S. pyogenes, is a classified as a ________ pathogen due to the characteristic production of pus in infections it causes.

Answer

pyogenic

4-28 §4.FITB source ↗

Cutibacterium belongs to ________ G+C gram-positive bacteria. One of its species is used in the food industry and another causes acne.

Answer

high

4-29 §4.FITB source ↗

The length of the branches of the evolutionary tree characterizes the evolutionary ________ between organisms.

Answer

distance

4-30 §4.FITB source ↗

The deeply branching bacteria are thought to be the form of life closest to the last universal ________ ________.

Answer

common ancestor

4-31 §4.FITB source ↗

Many of the deeply branching bacteria are aquatic and hyperthermophilic, found near underwater volcanoes and thermal ocean ________.

Answer

vents

4-32 §4.FITB source ↗

The deeply branching bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans is able to survive exposure to high doses of ________.

Answer

ionizing radiation

4-33 §4.FITB source ↗

________ is a genus of Archaea. Its optimal environmental temperature ranges from 70 °C to 80 °C, and its optimal pH is 2–3. It oxidizes sulfur and produces sulfuric acid.

Answer

Sulfolobus

4-34 §4.FITB source ↗

________ was once thought to be the cause of periodontal disease, but, more recently, the causal relationship between this archaean and the disease was not confirmed.

Answer

Methanobrevibacter oralis

4-16 §4.TF source ↗

Among prokaryotes, there are some that can live in every environment on earth.

Answer

True

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Problems and answers are adapted from Microbiology by Nina Parker, Mark Schneegurt, Anh-Hue Thi Tu, Philip Lister and Brian M. Forster, OpenStax, and are used under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 licence. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/microbiology/pages/1-introduction. Illustrations: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. This adaptation is released under the same licence, is non-commercial, and is neither affiliated with nor endorsed by OpenStax or Rice University.