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Chapter 6: Acellular Pathogens

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Chapter 6: Acellular Pathogens

25 problems · 0 figures

6-1 §6.MC source ↗

The component(s) of a virus that is/are extended from the envelope for attachment is/are the:
  1. a.
    capsomeres
  2. b.
    spikes
  3. c.
    nucleic acid
  4. d.
    viral whiskers

Answer

B. spikes

6-2 §6.MC source ↗

Which of the following does a virus lack? Select all that apply.
  1. a.
    ribosomes
  2. b.
    metabolic processes
  3. c.
    nucleic acid
  4. d.
    glycoprotein

Answer

A. ribosomes · B. metabolic processes

6-3 §6.MC source ↗

The envelope of a virus is derived from the host’s
  1. a.
    nucleic acids
  2. b.
    membrane structures
  3. c.
    cytoplasm
  4. d.
    genome

Answer

B. membrane structures

6-4 §6.MC source ↗

In naming viruses, the family name ends with ________ and genus name ends with _________.
  1. a.
    −virus; −viridae
  2. b.
    −viridae; −virus
  3. c.
    −virion; virus
  4. d.
    −virus; virion

Answer

B. −viridae; −virus

6-5 §6.MC source ↗

What is another name for a nonenveloped virus?
  1. a.
    enveloped virus
  2. b.
    provirus
  3. c.
    naked virus
  4. d.
    latent virus

Answer

C. naked virus

6-6 §6.MC source ↗

Which of the following leads to the destruction of the host cells?
  1. a.
    lysogenic cycle
  2. b.
    lytic cycle
  3. c.
    prophage
  4. d.
    temperate phage

Answer

B. lytic cycle

6-7 §6.MC source ↗

A virus obtains its envelope during which of the following phases?
  1. a.
    attachment
  2. b.
    penetration
  3. c.
    assembly
  4. d.
    release

Answer

D. release

6-8 §6.MC source ↗

Which of the following components is brought into a cell by HIV?
  1. a.
    a DNA-dependent DNA polymerase
  2. b.
    RNA polymerase
  3. c.
    ribosome
  4. d.
    reverse transcriptase

Answer

D. reverse transcriptase

6-9 §6.MC source ↗

A positive-strand RNA virus:
  1. a.
    must first be converted to a mRNA before it can be translated.
  2. b.
    can be used directly to translate viral proteins.
  3. c.
    will be degraded by host enzymes.
  4. d.
    is not recognized by host ribosomes.

Answer

B. can be used directly to translate viral proteins.

6-10 §6.MC source ↗

What is the name for the transfer of genetic information from one bacterium to another bacterium by a phage?
  1. a.
    transduction
  2. b.
    penetration
  3. c.
    excision
  4. d.
    translation

Answer

A. transduction

6-11 §6.MC source ↗

Which of the followings cannot be used to culture viruses?
  1. a.
    tissue culture
  2. b.
    liquid medium only
  3. c.
    embryo
  4. d.
    animal host

Answer

B. liquid medium only

6-12 §6.MC source ↗

Which of the following tests can be used to detect the presence of a specific virus?
  1. a.
    EIA
  2. b.
    RT-PCR
  3. c.
    PCR
  4. d.
    all of the above

Answer

D. all of the above

6-13 §6.MC source ↗

Which of the following is NOT a cytopathic effect?
  1. a.
    transformation
  2. b.
    cell fusion
  3. c.
    mononucleated cell
  4. d.
    inclusion bodies

Answer

C. mononucleated cell

6-14 §6.MC source ↗

Which of these infectious agents do not have nucleic acid?
  1. a.
    viroids
  2. b.
    viruses
  3. c.
    bacteria
  4. d.
    prions

Answer

D. prions

6-15 §6.MC source ↗

Which of the following is true of prions?
  1. a.
    They can be inactivated by boiling at 100 °C.
  2. b.
    They contain a capsid.
  3. c.
    They are a rogue form of protein, PrP.
  4. d.
    They can be reliably inactivated by an autoclave.

Answer

C. They are a rogue form of protein, PrP.

6-17 §6.FITB source ↗

A virus that infects a bacterium is called a/an ___________________.

Answer

bacteriophage

6-18 §6.FITB source ↗

A/an __________ virus possesses characteristics of both a polyhedral and helical virus.

Answer

complex

6-19 §6.FITB source ↗

A virus containing only nucleic acid and a capsid is called a/an ___________________ virus or __________________ virus.

Answer

naked or nonenveloped

6-20 §6.FITB source ↗

The ____________ _____________ on the bacteriophage allow for binding to the bacterial cell.

Answer

tail fibers

6-21 §6.FITB source ↗

An enzyme from HIV that can make a copy of DNA from RNA is called _______________________.

Answer

reverse transcriptase

6-22 §6.FITB source ↗

For lytic viruses, _________________ is a phase during a viral growth curve when the virus is not detected.

Answer

eclipse

6-23 §6.FITB source ↗

Viruses can be diagnosed and observed using a(n) _____________ microscope.

Answer

Electron

6-24 §6.FITB source ↗

Cell abnormalities resulting from a viral infection are called ____________ _____________.

Answer

cytopathic effects

6-25 §6.FITB source ↗

Both viroids and virusoids have a(n) _________ genome, but virusoids require a(n) _________ to reproduce.

Answer

RNA, helper virus

6-16 §6.TF source ↗

True or False: Scientists have identified viruses that are able to infect fungal cells.

Answer

True

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Problems and answers are adapted from Microbiology by Nina Parker, Mark Schneegurt, Anh-Hue Thi Tu, Philip Lister and Brian M. Forster, OpenStax, and are used under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 licence. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/microbiology/pages/1-introduction. Illustrations: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. This adaptation is released under the same licence, is non-commercial, and is neither affiliated with nor endorsed by OpenStax or Rice University.