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Chapter 24: Digestive System Infections

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Chapter 24: Digestive System Infections

21 problems · 0 figures

24-1 §24.MC source ↗

Which of the following is NOT a way the normal microbiota of the intestine helps to prevent infection?
  1. a.
    It produces acids that lower the pH of the stomach.
  2. b.
    It speeds up the process by which microbes are flushed from the digestive tract.
  3. c.
    It consumes food and occupies space, outcompeting potential pathogens.
  4. d.
    It generates large quantities of oxygen that kill anaerobic pathogens.

Answer

D. It generates large quantities of oxygen that kill anaerobic pathogens.

24-2 §24.MC source ↗

What types of microbes live in the intestines?
  1. a.
    Diverse species of bacteria, archaea, and fungi, especially Bacteroides and Firmicutes bacteria
  2. b.
    A narrow range of bacteria, especially Firmicutes
  3. c.
    A narrow range of bacteria and fungi, especially Bacteroides
  4. d.
    Archaea and fungi only

Answer

A. Diverse species of bacteria, archaea, and fungi, especially Bacteroides and Firmicutes bacteria

24-3 §24.MC source ↗

What pathogen is the most important contributor to biofilms in plaque?
  1. a.
    Staphylococcus aureus
  2. b.
    Streptococcus mutans
  3. c.
    Escherichia coli
  4. d.
    Clostridioides difficile

Answer

B. Streptococcus mutans

24-4 §24.MC source ↗

What type of organism causes thrush?
  1. a.
    a bacterium
  2. b.
    a virus
  3. c.
    a fungus
  4. d.
    a protozoan

Answer

C. a fungus

24-5 §24.MC source ↗

In mumps, what glands swell to produce the disease’s characteristic appearance?
  1. a.
    the sublingual glands
  2. b.
    the gastric glands
  3. c.
    the parotid glands
  4. d.
    the submandibular glands

Answer

C. the parotid glands

24-6 §24.MC source ↗

Which of the following is true of HSV-1?
  1. a.
    It causes oral thrush in immunocompromised patients.
  2. b.
    Infection is generally self-limiting.
  3. c.
    It is a bacterium.
  4. d.
    It is usually treated with amoxicillin.

Answer

B. Infection is generally self-limiting.

24-7 §24.MC source ↗

Which type of E. coli infection can be severe with life-threatening consequences such as hemolytic uremic syndrome?
  1. a.
    ETEC
  2. b.
    EPEC
  3. c.
    EHEC
  4. d.
    EIEC

Answer

C. EHEC

24-8 §24.MC source ↗

Which species of Shigella has a type that produces Shiga toxin?
  1. a.
    S. boydii
  2. b.
    S. flexneri
  3. c.
    S. dysenteriae
  4. d.
    S. sonnei

Answer

C. S. dysenteriae

24-9 §24.MC source ↗

Which type of bacterium produces an A-B toxin?
  1. a.
    Salmonella
  2. b.
    Vibrio cholera
  3. c.
    ETEC
  4. d.
    Shigella dysenteriae

Answer

B. Vibrio cholera

24-10 §24.MC source ↗

Which form of hepatitisvirus can only infect an individual who is already infected with another hepatitisvirus?
  1. a.
    HDV
  2. b.
    HAV
  3. c.
    HBV
  4. d.
    HEV

Answer

A. HDV

24-11 §24.MC source ↗

Which cause of viral gastroenteritis commonly causes projectile vomiting?
  1. a.
    hepatitisvirus
  2. b.
    Astroviruses
  3. c.
    Rotavirus
  4. d.
    Noroviruses

Answer

D. Noroviruses

24-12 §24.MC source ↗

Which protozoan is associated with the ability to cause severe dysentery?
  1. a.
    Giardia lamblia
  2. b.
    Cryptosporidium hominis
  3. c.
    Cyclospora cayetanesis
  4. d.
    Entamoeba histolytica

Answer

D. Entamoeba histolytica

24-13 §24.MC source ↗

Which protozoan has a unique appearance, with a blue halo, when viewed using ultraviolet fluorescence microscopy?
  1. a.
    Giardia lamblia
  2. b.
    Cryptosporidium hominis
  3. c.
    Cyclospora cayetanesis
  4. d.
    Entamoeba histolytica

Answer

C. Cyclospora cayetanesis

24-15 §24.MC source ↗

What is another name for Trichuris trichiura?
  1. a.
    pinworm
  2. b.
    whipworm
  3. c.
    hookworm
  4. d.
    ascariasis

Answer

B. whipworm

24-16 §24.MC source ↗

Which type of helminth infection can be diagnosed using tape?
  1. a.
    pinworm
  2. b.
    whipworm
  3. c.
    hookworm
  4. d.
    tapeworm

Answer

A. pinworm

24-17 §24.FITB source ↗

The part of the gastrointestinal tract with the largest natural microbiota is the _________.

Answer

Large intestine or colon

24-18 §24.FITB source ↗

When plaque becomes heavy and hardened, it is called dental calculus or _________.

Answer

tartar

24-19 §24.FITB source ↗

Antibiotic associated pseudomembranous colitis is caused by _________.

Answer

Clostridioides difficile

24-20 §24.FITB source ↗

Jaundice results from a buildup of _________.

Answer

bilirubin

24-21 §24.FITB source ↗

Chronic _________ infections cause the unique sign of disease of greasy stool and are often resistant to treatment.

Answer

giardia

24-22 §24.FITB source ↗

Liver flukes are often found in the _________ duct.

Answer

bile

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Problems and answers are adapted from Microbiology by Nina Parker, Mark Schneegurt, Anh-Hue Thi Tu, Philip Lister and Brian M. Forster, OpenStax, and are used under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 licence. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/microbiology/pages/1-introduction. Illustrations: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. This adaptation is released under the same licence, is non-commercial, and is neither affiliated with nor endorsed by OpenStax or Rice University.