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Chapter 14: Psychopharmacology

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Chapter 14: Psychopharmacology

15 problems · 0 figures

14-1 §14.1 source ↗

In some situations, it is preferable for medication to be active only during certain times of the day. Which characteristic of the drug would be most useful in preventing unwanted extended effects of the drug?
  1. a.
    A drug delivered via transdermal patch
  2. b.
    A drug with a short half-life
  3. c.
    A drug with a long half-life
  4. d.
    A large dose of a drug

Answer

B. A drug with a short half-life

14-3 §14.1 source ↗

Which route of administration results in the fastest onset of action?
  1. a.
    Oral
  2. b.
    Intranasal
  3. c.
    Intravenous
  4. d.
    Transdermal

Answer

C. Intravenous

14-5 §14.1 source ↗

Which type of receptor is primarily responsible for fast synaptic transmission?
  1. a.
    Ionotropic receptor
  2. b.
    Metabotropic receptor
  3. c.
    G-protein coupled receptor
  4. d.
    Kinase receptor

Answer

A. Ionotropic receptor

14-7 §14.1 source ↗

What does the term binding affinity refer to?
  1. a.
    The concentration of neurotransmitter in the synapse
  2. b.
    The ability of a drug to cross the blood-brain barrier
  3. c.
    The rate at which a drug is metabolized in the body
  4. d.
    The strength of the interaction between a drug and target receptor

Answer

D. The strength of the interaction between a drug and target receptor

14-9 §14.1 source ↗

Which of the following statements about g-protein coupled receptors is false?
  1. a.
    When activated they can stimulate intracellular signaling
  2. b.
    They are also known as metabotropic receptors
  3. c.
    The receptor itself is an ion channel that is activated by the binding of a ligand
  4. d.
    The effects of receptor activation are slow-acting

Answer

C. The receptor itself is an ion channel that is activated by the binding of a ligand

14-11 §14.2 source ↗

Where in the brain are dopamine-producing neurons located?
  1. a.
    Hippocampus
  2. b.
    Amygdala
  3. c.
    Ventral tegmental area
  4. d.
    Nucleus accumbens

Answer

C. Ventral tegmental area

14-13 §14.2 source ↗

Which of the following is considered a depressant drug?
  1. a.
    Ketamine
  2. b.
    Alcohol
  3. c.
    Cocaine
  4. d.
    Cannabis

Answer

B. Alcohol

14-15 §14.3 source ↗

Which of the following is considered a risk factor for developing a substance use disorder?
  1. a.
    Biological or genetic predispositions
  2. b.
    Family history of drug use
  3. c.
    Early-life drug use
  4. d.
    All of the above

Answer

D. All of the above

14-17 §14.3 source ↗

Which of the following best characterizes the third wave of the opioid epidemic in the United States?
  1. a.
    Increased availability of synthetic opioids (i.e. fentanyl)
  2. b.
    Over prescription of OxyContin
  3. c.
    Increased availability of heroin
  4. d.
    The inclusion of pain as the fifth vital sign

Answer

A. Increased availability of synthetic opioids (i.e. fentanyl)

14-19 §14.4 source ↗

Which of the following is considered a first-line medication for the treatment of depression?
  1. a.
    Lithium
  2. b.
    Ketamine
  3. c.
    Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
  4. d.
    Benzodiazepines

Answer

C. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

14-21 §14.4 source ↗

What is the primary mechanism of action for benzodiazepines?
  1. a.
    Inhibits serotonin reuptake
  2. b.
    Blocks NMDA receptors
  3. c.
    Increases activation of GABA receptors
  4. d.
    Increases activation of dopamine receptors

Answer

C. Increases activation of GABA receptors

14-23 §14.4 source ↗

Which of the following statements best describes the placebo effect?
  1. a.
    The unintended negative side effects of a placebo treatment
  2. b.
    The process of comparing the effects of an experimental drug to a placebo treatment
  3. c.
    The phenomenon in which a person experiences physiological and psychological effects due their belief in the effectiveness of a drug
  4. d.
    The tendency for participants to report false symptoms

Answer

C. The phenomenon in which a person experiences physiological and psychological effects due their belief in the effectiveness of a drug

Fill in the Blank 14.1 §14.1 source ↗

________ refers to the physiological and behavioral effects of drugs, whereas ________ refers to the movement of the drug throughout the body.

Answer

Pharmacodynamics / pharmacokinetics

Fill in the Blank 14.3 §14.2 source ↗

Dopaminergic neurons synthesize the neurotransmitter dopamine and their cell bodies are located in the ________.

Answer

ventral tegmental area (VTA)

Fill in the Blank 14.5 §14.3 source ↗

The ________ stage of addiction is associated with the euphoric effects of many psychoactive drugs.

Answer

binge/intoxication

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Problems and answers are adapted from Introduction to Behavioral Neuroscience by Elizabeth D. Kirby, Melissa J. Glenn, Noah J. Sandstrom and Christina L. Williams, OpenStax, and are used under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 licence. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/introduction-behavioral-neuroscience/pages/1-introduction. Illustrations: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. This adaptation is released under the same licence, is non-commercial, and is neither affiliated with nor endorsed by OpenStax or Rice University.