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Chapter 2: Neurophysiology

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Chapter 2: Neurophysiology

15 problems · 0 figures

2-1 §2.1 source ↗

All of the following are involved with synaptic transmission at chemical synapses except:
  1. a.
    postsynaptic neurons.
  2. b.
    presynaptic neurons.
  3. c.
    gap junctions.
  4. d.
    neurotransmitters.

Answer

C. gap junctions.

2-3 §2.1 source ↗

Which is a brief electrical change in the postsynaptic neuron that excites the neuron and pushes it towards threshold?
  1. a.
    EPSP
  2. b.
    IPSP
  3. c.
    Action potential
  4. d.
    Resting potential

Answer

A. EPSP

2-5 §2.1 source ↗

All of the following are involved with synaptic transmission at electrical synapses except:
  1. a.
    gap junctions.
  2. b.
    synaptic vesicles.
  3. c.
    presynaptic neurons.
  4. d.
    postsynaptic neurons.

Answer

B. synaptic vesicles.

2-7 §2.2 source ↗

If neural networks use parallel processing it means that:
  1. a.
    they display rhythmic or cyclical activity.
  2. b.
    information spreads along multiple pathways at the same time.
  3. c.
    they are highly efficient.
  4. d.
    a neuron influences the activity it will later receive.

Answer

B. information spreads along multiple pathways at the same time.

2-9 §2.2 source ↗

Researchers have developed devices that have the potential to replace or repair a part of the nervous system using a computer model that can simulate the processing in that brain region. This is an example of:
  1. a.
    neurofeedback.
  2. b.
    optogenetics.
  3. c.
    deep brain stimulation.
  4. d.
    a neural prosthetic.

Answer

D. a neural prosthetic.

2-11 §2.3 source ↗

In diffusion, molecules move:
  1. a.
    down a concentration gradient.
  2. b.
    up a concentration gradient.
  3. c.
    down a voltage gradient.
  4. d.
    up a voltage gradient.

Answer

A. down a concentration gradient.

2-13 §2.3 source ↗

Which is the best description for conductance?
  1. a.
    The flow of charge
  2. b.
    The ease with which charge flows
  3. c.
    The pressure for charge to flow
  4. d.
    None of the above

Answer

B. The ease with which charge flows

2-15 §2.4 source ↗

Why do neurons have a resting potential?
  1. a.
    Because they have leak K+ channels that allow K+ to pull the neuron towards a negative potential
  2. b.
    Because they have leak K+ channels that allow K+ to pull the neuron towards a positive potential
  3. c.
    Because they have leak Na+ channels that allow K+ to pull the neuron towards a negative potential
  4. d.
    Because they have leak Na+ channels that allow K+ to pull the neuron towards a positive potential

Answer

A. Because they have leak K+ channels that allow K+ to pull the neuron towards a negative potential

2-17 §2.4 source ↗

During an action potential, what happens when K+ channels open?
  1. a.
    K+ rushes out making the neuron more negative
  2. b.
    K+ rushes in making the neuron more negative
  3. c.
    K+ rushes out making the neuron more positive
  4. d.
    K+ rushes in making the neuron more positive

Answer

A. K+ rushes out making the neuron more negative

2-19 §2.4 source ↗

At the peak of the rising phase, which of these could be Vm?
  1. a.
    -60 V
  2. b.
    +60 V
  3. c.
    +60 mV
  4. d.
    -60 mV

Answer

C. +60 mV

2-21 §2.4 source ↗

An EPSP is generated when:
  1. a.
    a neurotransmitter binds to a ligand-gated Na+ channel.
  2. b.
    a neurotransmitter binds to a ligand-gated Ka+ channel.
  3. c.
    K+ binds to a ligand-gated Na+ channel.
  4. d.
    Ca2+ binds to a ligand-gated Cl- channel.

Answer

A. a neurotransmitter binds to a ligand-gated Na+ channel.

2-23 §2.4 source ↗

Ion channels and ion pumps are similar in that:
  1. a.
    both are proteins.
  2. b.
    both use energy.
  3. c.
    both move ions against their gradient.
  4. d.
    both move ions down their gradient.

Answer

A. both are proteins.

Fill in the Blank 2.1 §2.1 source ↗

The small pocket of extracellular space between presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons is called the ________.

Answer

synaptic cleft

Fill in the Blank 2.3 §2.2 source ↗

Neural circuits often feature loops, meaning that neurons often produce outputs that can ________ onto and influence their inputs.

Answer

feedback

Fill in the Blank 2.5 §2.4 source ↗

________ potentials are a rapid flip in the membrane potential that can spread quickly through a neuron and trigger the release of neurotransmitter.

Answer

Action

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Problems and answers are adapted from Introduction to Behavioral Neuroscience by Elizabeth D. Kirby, Melissa J. Glenn, Noah J. Sandstrom and Christina L. Williams, OpenStax, and are used under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 licence. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/introduction-behavioral-neuroscience/pages/1-introduction. Illustrations: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. This adaptation is released under the same licence, is non-commercial, and is neither affiliated with nor endorsed by OpenStax or Rice University.