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Chapter 18: Learning and Memory

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Chapter 18: Learning and Memory

15 problems · 0 figures

18-1 §18.1 source ↗

Which type of memory has a timescale of seconds?
  1. a.
    Sensory memory
  2. b.
    Working memory
  3. c.
    Long-term memory
  4. d.
    Short-term memory

Answer

A. Sensory memory

18-3 §18.1 source ↗

Which is the process by which information in working memory is converted into long-term memories?
  1. a.
    Consolidation
  2. b.
    Recall
  3. c.
    Retrieval
  4. d.
    Reconsolidation

Answer

A. Consolidation

18-5 §18.1 source ↗

Patient H.M. displayed intact skill-based knowledge or ________, even though he had no memory of having practiced the skills that had been learned.
  1. a.
    episodic memory
  2. b.
    declarative memory
  3. c.
    procedural memory
  4. d.
    explicit memory

Answer

C. procedural memory

18-7 §18.1 source ↗

Which is thought to causes the memory problems associated with temporal lobe epilepsy?
  1. a.
    The seizures themselves
  2. b.
    The medications used to treat the seizure
  3. c.
    Interictal epileptiform discharges
  4. d.
    All of the above

Answer

D. All of the above

18-9 §18.2 source ↗

You are performing an operant conditioning experiment with a rodent, and you would like it to increase the frequency of a behavior (lever pressing). To accomplish this, you could:
  1. a.
    present a positive stimulus or remove a positive stimulus after a lever press.
  2. b.
    present a positive stimulus or remove a negative stimulus after a lever press.
  3. c.
    present a negative stimulus or remove a negative stimulus after a lever press.
  4. d.
    present a negative stimulus or remove a negative stimulus after a lever press.

Answer

B. present a positive stimulus or remove a negative stimulus after a lever press.

18-11 §18.2 source ↗

In sensitization, the response to a stimulus:
  1. a.
    increases.
  2. b.
    decreases.
  3. c.
    decreases if paired with a neutral stimulus.
  4. d.
    increases if paired with a neutral stimulus.

Answer

A. increases.

18-13 §18.2 source ↗

In the experiment with Pavlov’s dog, the conditioned stimulus is
  1. a.
    the ringing bell.
  2. b.
    the food.
  3. c.
    the dog.
  4. d.
    salivation.

Answer

A. the ringing bell.

18-15 §18.3 source ↗

These types of neurons get their name from the fact that connecting the centers of their firing fields gives a regular pattern.
  1. a.
    Place cells
  2. b.
    Grid cells
  3. c.
    Speed cells
  4. d.
    Head direction cells

Answer

B. Grid cells

18-17 §18.3 source ↗

Which is an example of an episodic memory?
  1. a.
    Playing a rehearsed song perfectly at your piano recital
  2. b.
    Being able to recall the capital of your home state
  3. c.
    Eventually ignoring a repeated harmless stimulus (noise in the city)
  4. d.
    Being able to recall the details of your family vacation last summer

Answer

D. Being able to recall the details of your family vacation last summer

18-19 §18.4 source ↗

According to Donald Hebb:
  1. a.
    synapses are likely not involved in information storage.
  2. b.
    neurons that fire together, wire together.
  3. c.
    synaptic strength does NOT change throughout life.
  4. d.
    new synaptic connections are NOT formed throughout life.

Answer

B. neurons that fire together, wire together.

18-21 §18.4 source ↗

Repeated high frequency stimulation leads to increased synaptic strength. This increased synaptic strength is caused by:
  1. a.
    internalization of AMPA receptors.
  2. b.
    degradation of NMDA receptors.
  3. c.
    decreased numbers of NMDA receptors at the synapse.
  4. d.
    increased numbers of AMPA receptors at the synapse.

Answer

A. internalization of AMPA receptors.

18-23 §18.4 source ↗

Unlike long-term potentiation, long-term depression involves:
  1. a.
    decreasing the numbers of AMPA receptors at the synapse.
  2. b.
    delivery of AMPA receptors to the postsynaptic membrane.
  3. c.
    degradation of NMDA receptors.
  4. d.
    increased numbers of NMDA receptors at the synapse.

Answer

A. decreasing the numbers of AMPA receptors at the synapse.

Fill in the Blank 18.1 §18.1 source ↗

________ memories have the shortest duration, and are briefly held by systems that process visual, auditory, and somatosensory information.

Answer

Sensory

Fill in the Blank 18.3 §18.2 source ↗

________ refers to a diminished response to a stimulus that has been presented multiple times.

Answer

Habituation

Fill in the Blank 18.5 §18.2 source ↗

Hippocampal ________ cells fire preferentially when an animal is in a particular location.

Answer

place

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Problems and answers are adapted from Introduction to Behavioral Neuroscience by Elizabeth D. Kirby, Melissa J. Glenn, Noah J. Sandstrom and Christina L. Williams, OpenStax, and are used under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 licence. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/introduction-behavioral-neuroscience/pages/1-introduction. Illustrations: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license. This adaptation is released under the same licence, is non-commercial, and is neither affiliated with nor endorsed by OpenStax or Rice University.